Understanding Common Musculoskeletal Disorders Related to Ergonomics

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are prevalent conditions that affect the muscles, bones, tendons, ligaments, and nerves. These disorders often result from repetitive movements, awkward postures, and overexertion, commonly associated with poor ergonomics in the workplace.

1. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS): Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common MSD that affects the wrist and hand. It occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the hand, becomes compressed or irritated as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Common signs and symptoms of CTS include:

• Numbness or tingling in the thumb, index, and middle fingers
• Weakness or clumsiness in the hand
• Pain or discomfort that radiates from the wrist to the hand and forearm
• Difficulty gripping objects or performing fine motor tasks

2. Tendonitis: Tendonitis is inflammation of the tendons, often caused by repetitive movements or overuse. Common types of tendonitis related to ergonomics include:

• Golfer’s elbow (medial epicondylitis): Pain and tenderness on the inner side of the elbow, worsened by gripping or lifting.
• Tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis): Pain and tenderness on the outer side of the elbow, aggravated by activities such as gripping, lifting, or twisting.

Signs and symptoms of tendonitis may include:

• Pain, tenderness, or swelling in the affected tendon or joint
• Stiffness and limited range of motion
• Weakness or difficulty performing certain movements

3. Lower Back Pain: Lower back pain is a common MSD that can result from poor posture, improper lifting techniques, and prolonged sitting or standing in awkward positions. Signs and symptoms of lower back pain may include:

• Dull, aching pain in the lower back that may worsen with movement
• Stiffness and muscle tension in the lower back region
• Pain that radiates to the buttocks, thighs, or legs (sciatica)
• Difficulty standing up straight or bending forward

4. Neck Pain: Neck pain is another common MSD associated with poor ergonomics, especially in individuals who spend long hours sitting at a computer desk. Signs and symptoms of neck pain may include:

• Stiffness and discomfort in the neck and shoulders
• Tension headaches or migraines
• Pain that radiates to the arms or upper back
• Difficulty turning the head or maintaining proper posture

5. Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: Shoulder impingement syndrome occurs when the rotator cuff tendons become pinched or compressed between the bones of the shoulder joint. Common signs and symptoms of shoulder impingement syndrome include:

• Pain and tenderness in the shoulder, especially when reaching overhead or behind the back
• Weakness or loss of strength in the affected shoulder
• Difficulty lifting objects or performing overhead activities
• Clicking or popping sensations in the shoulder joint

6. Trigger Finger: Trigger finger is a condition in which one of the fingers or thumb gets stuck in a bent position, causing pain and difficulty straightening the affected digit. Signs and symptoms of trigger finger may include:

• Pain, stiffness, or clicking sensation when bending or straightening the finger
• Swelling or tenderness in the affected finger
• Difficulty gripping objects or making a fist

If you experience persistent or severe symptoms, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment.